Predation Rate and Prey Preference of Orius niger (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella occidentalis

Abstract

Biological control using predatory insects has emerged as an environmentally sustainable approach for managing economically important thrips species in agricultural systems. The present study evaluated the predation rate and prey preference of Orius niger (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) against two major thrips pests, Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella occidentalis, under controlled laboratory conditions. Different larval and adult stages of both prey species were exposed to O. niger individuals to assess feeding efficiency, prey consumption, and behavioral preference. Predation assays were conducted at varying prey densities to determine the functional response and feeding capacity of the predator. Results indicated that O. niger actively preyed upon both thrips species, although significant differences were observed in prey preference and consumption rate. Higher predation efficiency was recorded against F. occidentalis compared to T. tabaci, suggesting differences in prey susceptibility, mobility, and defensive behavior. The predator exhibited increased feeding activity with rising prey density, indicating strong potential for suppressing thrips populations under field conditions. Developmental stage of the prey also influenced predation dynamics, with immature stages being more vulnerable than adults. The study highlights the importance of O. niger as an effective biological control agent capable of reducing infestations of destructive thrips species in vegetable and ornamental crops. The findings provide valuable insights for incorporating predatory anthocorids into integrated pest management programs aimed at minimizing chemical pesticide dependence and promoting sustainable crop protection practices.