Germination Biology and Seedbank Characteristics of Neslia paniculata in Cereal-Based Cropping Systems

Abstract

Seed germination behaviour, dormancy expression and seedbank persistence of Neslia paniculata were assessed in cereal-based cropping systems to understand its regenerative potential and persistence dynamics. Germination responses were evaluated under varying temperature regimes, light conditions and moisture availability, while seedbank density and vertical distribution were quantified across field soils with different tillage histories. Strong dormancy mechanisms were observed in freshly shed seeds, with stratification and alternating temperature regimes significantly enhancing germination percentages. Seed longevity in soil indicated partial persistence across seasonal cycles, with higher emergence rates recorded in surface soil layers compared to deeper profiles. Disturbance associated with intensive tillage promoted transient flushes of emergence, whereas reduced-tillage systems supported gradual but prolonged recruitment. Germination inhibition under shaded conditions suggested light-mediated regulation of emergence timing. Variability in seedbank size across cereal rotations reflected both crop management practices and microenvironmental conditions influencing seed survival. These findings indicate that Neslia paniculata maintains a persistent soil seedbank capable of sustaining infestations in cereal agroecosystems despite seasonal fluctuations. Integrated management strategies targeting seedbank depletion through timely tillage, competitive cropping and rotation diversification are essential for long-term suppression. Understanding germination ecology and seedbank dynamics provides a scientific basis for predicting infestation risks and improving weed management efficiency in cereal-based production systems. Such ecological insights are particularly relevant under reduced herbicide reliance and climate variability, where seedbank-driven resurgence can significantly impact yield stability in cereal agroecosystems globally.