New Distributional Records of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera) Parasitoids of Hessian Fly (Mayetiola destructor) in Wheat Fields

Abstract

The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor, is one of the most destructive insect pests affecting wheat cultivation worldwide, causing significant yield losses and deterioration in grain quality. Biological control through parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Platygastridae plays an important role in the natural suppression of Hessian fly populations in agroecosystems. The present study aimed to document new distributional records of Platygastridae parasitoids associated with Hessian fly infestations in wheat fields and to evaluate their occurrence across selected agricultural regions. Field surveys were conducted in major wheat-growing areas during different crop growth stages. Infested wheat tillers containing Hessian fly larvae and pupae were collected systematically and maintained under laboratory conditions for parasitoid emergence. Emerged parasitoids were identified using standard taxonomic keys and microscopic examination. The investigation revealed several previously unreported distributional records of Platygastridae parasitoids associated with Hessian fly populations in wheat ecosystems. Variations in parasitoid abundance and diversity were observed among surveyed locations, indicating the influence of local environmental and agronomic conditions on parasitoid distribution. Certain parasitoid species exhibited higher prevalence and adaptability, suggesting their potential role in the sustainable biological management of Hessian fly infestations. The findings contribute valuable information to the existing knowledge of parasitoid biodiversity and geographical distribution in wheat agroecosystems. Furthermore, the study highlights the ecological significance of Platygastridae parasitoids in integrated pest management programs and emphasizes the necessity for continued monitoring and conservation of beneficial insect fauna to enhance sustainable wheat production and reduce dependence on chemical pesticides.