Life Table Parameters of Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Feeding on Panonychus ulmi at Different Temperatures

Abstract

Life table parameters of Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) feeding on Panonychus ulmi were evaluated at different temperature regimes to determine the influence of thermal conditions on predator performance and biological control potential. Laboratory experiments were conducted under controlled environmental chambers, where developmental duration, survival rate, fecundity, and population growth parameters were recorded across a range of constant temperatures. Results indicated that temperature significantly affected the biological performance of N. californicus, with optimal development and reproduction observed at moderate temperatures. Developmental time decreased with increasing temperature up to an optimal threshold, beyond which survival and fecundity declined due to thermal stress. Life table analysis showed that net reproductive rate and intrinsic rate of increase were highest under optimal thermal conditions, indicating favorable population growth potential when preying on P. ulmi. At lower temperatures, prolonged immature development and reduced oviposition rates were observed, while higher temperatures negatively impacted adult longevity and egg viability. Temperature-dependent variations in life expectancy and generation time further highlighted the sensitivity of predator population dynamics to environmental conditions. The study demonstrates the strong potential of N. californicus as an effective biological control agent of P. ulmi, particularly under moderate temperature ranges. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing augmentative release strategies in integrated pest management programs in orchard ecosystems.