Biology and Life History Parameters of Aculops lycopersici (Acari: Eriophyidae) on Different Tomato Cultivars

Abstract

The tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici (Acari: Eriophyidae), is a microscopic pest causing severe economic damage in tomato through epidermal feeding that leads to bronzing, russeting, and progressive plant decline. Understanding its biology and life history parameters on different host cultivars is essential for developing effective resistance-based management strategies. The present study evaluated the biological performance and life history traits of A. lycopersici on different tomato cultivars under controlled laboratory conditions. Observations were recorded on developmental duration, egg incubation period, survival rate, fecundity, longevity, and population growth parameters across successive generations. The results revealed significant variation in the biological performance of A. lycopersici depending on tomato cultivar. Certain cultivars supported shorter developmental periods, higher survival rates, and increased fecundity, indicating greater host suitability and enhanced population build-up potential. In contrast, resistant cultivars exhibited prolonged developmental time, reduced oviposition, lower survival, and decreased adult longevity, thereby limiting population growth. Differences in life table parameters, including intrinsic rate of increase and net reproductive rate, further confirmed cultivar-dependent effects on mite population dynamics. Morphological and biochemical characteristics of resistant cultivars likely contributed to reduced mite performance through antibiosis and/or antixenosis mechanisms. The findings demonstrate that tomato cultivar selection plays a critical role in regulating the population dynamics of A. lycopersici. This study provides valuable insights into host–pest interactions and supports the development of integrated pest management strategies incorporating resistant cultivars for sustainable tomato production.