Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Potato Virus Y (PVY) Strains in Seed Potato Production Areas

Abstract

Potato Virus Y (PVY) is one of the most economically important viral pathogens affecting potato cultivation worldwide, causing significant reductions in tuber yield and quality. Accurate detection and characterization of PVY strains are essential for maintaining healthy seed potato production systems and preventing the spread of viral diseases. The present study aimed to detect and analyze the genetic diversity of PVY strains occurring in major seed potato production areas using molecular and phylogenetic approaches. Leaf samples showing typical viral symptoms were collected from different potato-growing regions and subjected to molecular diagnosis through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using PVY-specific primers. Amplified products were sequenced and compared with reference sequences available in international databases to identify strain variation and genetic relationships. The results confirmed the presence of multiple PVY strains with varying levels of sequence similarity among isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the clustering of isolates into distinct genetic groups, indicating considerable diversity within PVY populations across production regions. Certain isolates showed close evolutionary relationships with previously reported recombinant and aggressive strains, suggesting possible regional dissemination and adaptation. The occurrence of diverse PVY strains in seed potato fields highlights the potential risk of virus transmission through infected planting materials. The integration of molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis provided reliable tools for rapid diagnosis and epidemiological monitoring of PVY. The findings of this study contribute to the development of effective certification programs and disease management strategies for sustainable seed potato production.